Interactive AI demos

Paste any text and watch how a language model chops it into tokens — the subword chunks LLMs actually read. Words, spaces and punctuation, split live.

• Live tokenisation
• Token & character counts
• Try your own text

See how AI turns words into vectors — explore a semantic map, find nearest neighbours, and watch king − man + woman ≈ queen as real vector maths.

• 2-D semantic map
• Nearest neighbours
• Analogy arithmetic

Explore how temperature, top-k and top-p control the randomness of language models. Adjust sliders and watch the probability distribution change live.

• Real softmax maths
• Interactive sliders
• Sample from the distribution

See how transformer attention works — type a sentence and watch each token decide what to attend to via scaled dot-product attention.

• Interactive heatmap
• Click to highlight connections
• Real attention maths

How do transformers know word order? Explore the sinusoidal positional-encoding heatmap and watch each dimension trace a sine wave across positions.

• Sinusoidal PE heatmap
• Dimension wave plot
• Real transformer maths

See how a model decodes text — compare greedy decoding against beam search and watch the search tree keep and prune candidate sequences by log-probability.

• Adjustable beam width
• Live search tree
• Real log-prob scoring

Why long documents get sliced up for RAG — set a chunk size and overlap, and see how a document splits to fit inside a model's context budget.

• Adjustable size & overlap
• Visual chunks
• Context budget bar

Watch Retrieval-Augmented Generation in action — type a question, see documents retrieved from a knowledge base, and read the grounded answer with citations.

• Retrieve → Augment → Generate
• Live step-by-step
• Illustrative sample corpus

Generate text the pre-LLM way — build a word-level Markov model from a corpus and sample next words by frequency. Predicting words, with no understanding.

• Order 1 or 2
• Paste your own text
• Transition tables

The decoder's defining trick — toggle the causal mask and watch each token lose sight of the future, so it can only attend to itself and earlier tokens.

• Causal vs full attention
• Masked softmax
• Interactive heatmap

How an LLM actually writes — generate one token at a time, feed it back in, and repeat. Watch the sequence grow and the next-token odds shift each step.

• One token at a time
• Live next-token odds
• Temperature control

How a decoder looks back at the encoder — the mechanism behind translation and summarisation. Click a target word to see which source words it attends to.

• Encoder → decoder
• Word alignment
• Seq2seq intuition

Why generation speeds up after the first token — cache keys and values instead of recomputing the whole prefix, turning quadratic work into linear.

• Cached vs recomputed
• O(n²) vs O(n)
• Step-by-step cost

See how an agent loops through thought, action and observation — calling tools like search, a calculator and a database — to actually get things done.

• The ReAct loop, step by step
• Multi-tool workflows
• Scripted, illustrative traces

The question every leader asks about customising an LLM. Toggle your requirements and get a clear recommendation — RAG, fine-tuning, both, or just a better prompt.

• Requirement explorer
• Live recommendation
• Side-by-side comparison

How a vector database finds the closest matches. Click to run a query and compare exact nearest-neighbour search with fast approximate search — the speed vs recall trade-off.

• Exact kNN vs ANN
• Comparisons & recall
• Click-to-query canvas

How image generators like Stable Diffusion work — add Gaussian noise with the real diffusion equation, then watch it denoise pure static back into an image.

• Forward noising slider
• Reverse denoise animation
• Real cosine schedule

Place two classes of points, hit train, and watch a from-scratch neural network learn the boundary between them — live, in your browser.

• Real backprop, no libraries
• Live decision boundary
• Preset datasets

Watch unsupervised learning find structure — drop points, pick k, and step through Lloyd's algorithm as centroids move and clusters settle.

• Click to add points
• Step or run
• Live inertia readout

Drag points and watch the least-squares best-fit line update live, with residuals, the equation and R² — the simplest model there is, made tangible.

• Drag & add points
• Live best-fit line
• Equation & R²

Classify by proximity — place labelled points, move your cursor, and see the decision boundary and the k nearest neighbours that decide each vote.

• Live decision regions
• Adjustable k
• Real Euclidean distance

How trees split data — slide a threshold across a scatter plot and watch Gini impurity and information gain change, then let it find the best split.

• Interactive splits
• Gini & information gain
• Find best split

The building block of CNNs — apply edge-detect, blur, sharpen and emboss kernels to an image, or type your own 3×3 kernel and see the result live.

• Preset & custom kernels
• Live filtered output
• Real convolution maths

Watch an agent learn by trial and error — train tabular Q-learning in a grid world and see state values and the greedy policy emerge, then follow the path.

• Train & watch it learn
• Value & policy map
• Tune α, γ, ε

See how a system prompt, untrusted content and a user question stack into one context — then watch an illustrative guardrail catch an injection attempt.

• Colour-coded context
• Try an injection
• Guardrail in action

One model, two groups — adjust thresholds and see selection rates, the four-fifths rule and the tension between competing fairness definitions.

• Per-group thresholds
• Disparate impact
• Equalised-odds view

Move a fraud model's decision threshold across overlapping score distributions and watch precision, recall, F1 and false alarms shift in real time.

• Precision vs recall
• Live confusion matrix
• The fincrime trade-off

How do you know if an AI answer is any good? Score candidate answers on token-F1 against a reference and grounding against the source — and flag hallucinations.

• Token-overlap F1
• Grounding check
• Pass / hallucination verdict

Why a 90%-accurate test can still be wrong — set prevalence, sensitivity and specificity and see why false positives can dwarf true ones.

• Prior → posterior
• 1,000-person view
• Base-rate fallacy

Estimate π by throwing random darts at a circle — a hands-on look at Monte Carlo sampling and how error shrinks as the number of samples grows.

• Throw random darts
• Live π estimate
• Convergence plot

Watch optimisation roll downhill across a 2-D loss surface — tune the learning rate to see smooth convergence, oscillation, or outright divergence.

• 2-D loss surface
• Tune learning rate
• Real analytic gradient

How a satnav or a game character finds its way. Watch A* use a heuristic to head toward the goal, and compare how many cells it explores versus blind Dijkstra.

• Draw walls
• A* vs Dijkstra
• Watch the frontier

Toggle validation rules — completeness, type, range, format, approved values and uniqueness — over sample records and see what issues they surface.

• 7 validation rules
• Per-cell issue highlighting
• Each catch is a win

Models only read numbers. Watch a raw table transform into model-ready features — one-hot encode categories, ordinal encode sizes, and scale weights to 0–1.

• One-hot encoding live
• Ordinal & Min-Max scaling
• Model-readiness tracker

The join is where most SQL confusion lives. Pick INNER, LEFT, RIGHT or FULL OUTER and see exactly which rows match between two tables — and where the NULLs come from.

• Four join types
• Live result table
• Where NULLs come from

Answer “have I seen this before?” in tiny space. Add and check items, watch the bits flip, and trip a real false positive — the trade-off that powers caches and databases.

• Hashing to bits
• Trigger a false positive
• Tune bits & hashes

Watch messy records flow through ingest → validate → deduplicate → transform → load. Toggle any stage off and see exactly what it was protecting you from.

• Toggle each stage
• Live quarantine
• See rows cleaned & dropped

A quick, interactive self-assessment across five dimensions — get an instant radar-chart snapshot of your organisation's AI maturity.

• 5 dimensions
• Instant radar chart
• Scored in your browser

Estimate what AI adoption could save your team — set your assumptions and see hours, full-time equivalents and cost saved per year, live.

• Live estimate
• Hours & £ saved
• Illustrative